Thu Apr 03 13:38:40 UTC 2025: ## Assam Gallstones Linked to High Cancer Rates: Study

**GUWAHATI, April 3, 2025** – A new study has revealed a startling connection between cholesterol-rich gallstones contaminated with heavy metals and the alarmingly high rates of gallbladder cancer (GBC) in Assam, India. The research, published in the *American Chemical Society’s Chemical Research in Toxicology*, points to a unique combination of factors driving this deadly disease.

Led by a team from Tezpur University, the study analyzed gallstones from GBC patients and those with gallstone disease (GSD) in Assam. They found that gallstones from GBC patients contained significantly higher levels (up to 15 times normal) of carcinogenic metals like arsenic, chromium, mercury, iron, and lead – metals prevalent in the Brahmaputra Basin’s groundwater. These stones also exhibited a distinct, plate-like microstructure potentially damaging gallbladder tissue.

The study suggests that these toxic-metal-laden gallstones act as catalysts, accelerating the development of cancer. This explains Assam’s disproportionately high GBC rate (60-80% of gallstone cases progressing to cancer), compared to the global average of just 1%. Women account for 70% of GBC cases in Assam.

Researchers advocate for immediate action, including widespread ultrasound screening for early detection, improvements to water quality to reduce metal contamination, and public awareness campaigns. Further research will compare gallstones from other Indian regions to determine if this toxic profile is unique to Assam or a broader issue. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address this significant public health crisis.

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