Sat Jan 11 01:44:02 UTC 2025: ## Myanmar’s Pro-Democracy Forces Face New Challenge: Governing Liberated Territories

**Karen State, Myanmar** – As pro-democracy forces in Myanmar continue to wrest territory from the military junta, a new challenge has emerged: establishing effective civilian administrations. Al Jazeera’s recent visit to Karen State revealed the complexities of this undertaking, highlighting both the successes and the ongoing struggles.

The conflict has driven thousands, like Thaw Hti, a former protestor, to seek refuge in areas controlled by ethnic armed organizations, including the Karen National Union (KNU). While initially intending to join the fight as a soldier, Thaw Hti’s physical limitations led her to establish a school for displaced children, offering a Karen-centric curriculum absent from military-controlled schools.

The KNU, alongside other ethnic armed groups, has seized significant territory in recent years, including Kyaikdon in Karen State. This town, unlike many others, has been spared from widespread air strikes, allowing for a degree of normalcy to return. Soe Khant, the KNU-appointed administrator, outlined plans for infrastructure development, focusing on electricity, water, and waste management. He emphasized his commitment to eventually holding popular elections for the position.

The KNU’s administrative experience, while extensive in rural areas, is being tested by the scale of newly liberated territories. Kawkareik township secretary Mya Aye highlighted the economic challenges stemming from years of conflict, including a lack of industry and the resulting emigration to Thailand.

The military’s brutality, however, has inadvertently strengthened the resistance. Win Htun, a former Myanmar police officer, defected to the KNU after witnessing corruption and the unfair treatment of Karen officers. His experience highlights the junta’s actions driving skilled individuals to join the pro-democracy forces.

Despite significant territorial gains, the fight is far from over. Thaw Hti aptly described the situation as “running on a treadmill,” highlighting the challenges of consolidating control and establishing stable governance in the face of an ongoing conflict. The future success of these nascent administrations will be crucial in determining the path towards a democratic Myanmar.

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