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Summary:

One year after the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime, Syria’s new interim government is focused on rebuilding its armed forces. The process is fraught with challenges, including vetting new recruits, integrating diverse armed groups (including the SDF), modernizing equipment (potentially shifting away from Russian reliance), gaining the trust of minority groups, and addressing the potential threat of former regime loyalists forming rebel forces. While the new government has gained some international support (including from the US and Turkey), rebuilding a unified and trusted national army is crucial for the country’s stability and future.

News Article:

Syria Faces Uphill Battle Rebuilding Armed Forces One Year After Assad’s Fall

Aleppo, Syria – A year after the dramatic collapse of Bashar al-Assad’s regime, Syria’s interim government is grappling with the monumental task of rebuilding its shattered armed forces. While officials tout progress, analysts warn of significant hurdles that could determine the nation’s future stability.

Defence Minister Murhaf Abu Qasra declared at a recent military academy graduation in Aleppo that the restructuring process is underway, aiming to create “an army that represents Syria and is able to face the challenges.” He emphasized a new doctrine centered on loyalty to the country and increased military preparedness.

However, Caroline Rose, director of military and national security priorities at the New Lines Institute, cautions that the rebuilding effort is “long and difficult.” Key challenges include:

  • Vetting Recruits: The rapid recruitment process, driven by the need for manpower and economic opportunity, has raised concerns about proper vetting of new personnel.
  • Integrating Diverse Forces: The government faces the complex task of incorporating fighters from various factions, including the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), into a unified national army.
  • Modernizing Equipment: A potential shift away from reliance on Russian equipment could create challenges for logistics and international relations.
  • Building Trust: Overcoming the legacy of sectarian violence and building trust among Syria’s diverse minority groups is essential for the military’s legitimacy.
  • Potential for Insurgency: Reports suggest that former Assad loyalists, potentially backed by wealthy figures, may be attempting to form rebel groups, posing a significant security threat.
  • Foreign Fighters: The government walks a tight rope as it must ensure these fighters are not in key military positions to maintain international support.

The Al Jazeera spoke with analysts, many of whom said the international community is showing increased support of the new government, but this alone is not enough to ensure a successful transition.

The US and Turkiye have stepped up to offer support with training.

The success of the new Syrian Armed Forces is seen as critical for political stability, attracting foreign investment, and preventing a return to civil war. As the nation navigates this complex transition, the future of Syria hangs in the balance.

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