Tue Nov 25 03:00:00 UTC 2025: News Article:
In-Flight Wi-Fi: How it Works and Why You Still Need Airplane Mode
New Delhi – November 25, 2025: Once a luxury, in-flight internet access has become commonplace. But how does it actually work, and why are passengers still asked to use ‘airplane mode’?
The Hindu Explains breaks down the technology behind staying connected at 30,000 feet. Essentially, your device connects to the internet via the aircraft’s internal Wi-Fi network. This network acts as a router, relaying data through a “backhaul link” to the outside world using either air-to-ground (ATG) technology or satellite communication.
ATG systems use towers on the ground, similar to cell towers, to provide internet access. However, these are limited to landmasses. Satellite systems, on the other hand, offer coverage over oceans and remote areas, using antennas on the aircraft to communicate with satellites. Newer low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer lower latency compared to older geostationary satellites.
Despite the convenience, in-flight Wi-Fi comes with limitations. Bandwidth is shared, often lower than home broadband, and subject to filtering. Airlines may restrict video streaming and compress data to manage resources.
Crucially, the article clarifies the need for airplane mode. Switching off cellular radios prevents interference with aircraft systems. Numerous phones attempting to connect to ground-based towers simultaneously can create disruptive radio noise, potentially impacting sensitive aviation equipment. While modern aircraft are shielded, regulations err on the side of caution. The Wi-Fi systems are certified to not interfere with critical aircraft operations. Therefore, while you can stream movies and check email, airplane mode remains a vital part of air travel safety.
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