Fri Aug 01 02:47:09 UTC 2025: Here’s a summary of the text, followed by its transformation into a news article format:
**Summary:**
The article details the naval achievements of Rajendra Chola I, highlighting his assertive overseas ambitions during his reign (1012 CE onwards). It focuses on two key campaigns: the conquest of Sri Lanka and the audacious expedition to the Malay Peninsula, leading to the title “Kadaram Kondan.” The article delves into the historical context, including previous Chola involvement in Sri Lanka and initially cordial relations with the Srivijaya kingdom before the conflict. The exact reasons for attacking the Srivijaya kingdom are unclear but may have been either because of trade conflicts or for maritime supremecy. While direct rule wasn’t immediately established in conquered territories, the campaigns projected Chola power and facilitated cross-cultural engagement. Later Chola kings had to reconquer the land won by Rajendra.
**News Article:**
**Chola Empire’s Naval Supremacy Under Rajendra Chola I Detailed in Historical Analysis**
**Chennai, August 1, 2025** – A new analysis of historical records sheds light on the remarkable naval power of the Chola Empire under the leadership of Rajendra Chola I, who ascended the throne in 1012 CE. The study, compiled from inscriptions and historical texts, focuses on Rajendra’s ambitious overseas campaigns that significantly expanded the empire’s reach and influence.
Rajendra Chola I, also known as “Kadaram Kondan” after he conquered Kadaram, the Cholas established naval dominance in Southern India. The Chola navy was well-organised with ships and boats serving commercial and military purposes.
One of the focal points of Rajendra’s reign was his decisive campaign against Sri Lanka, culminating in the capture of the Sinhalese ruler Mahinda V in 1017 CE. The conquest transformed the island into a full-fledged Chola province, marked by the construction of temples in the Tamil Chola architectural style. However, resistance simmered, and Sinhalese sovereignty was re-established by Kassapa around 1029 CE.
Beyond Sri Lanka, Rajendra set his sights on the Srivijaya kingdom in Southeast Asia. In 1025 CE, Chola ships launched an audacious expedition across the Bay of Bengal, capturing Kadaram and taking Sangrama Vijayottungavarman prisoner. While the exact reasons for the conflict remain debated – ranging from trade interference to a pursuit of maritime supremacy – the campaign projected Chola power across the seas. Local rulers were reinstated, acknowledging Chola superiority. Virarajendra I, a later Chola king, later had to reconquer Kadaram.
“Rajendra’s naval expeditions represent a bold chapter in Indian history,” says historian K. A. Nilakanta Sastri. “They extended both the political and cultural reach of the Chola empire far beyond the Indian subcontinent, leaving a lasting legacy of cross-cultural engagement. They highlight the Chola empire’s broader diplomatic reach.”
The study also points to diplomatic exchanges, such as the King of Kambhoja (Angkor) seeking Rajendra’s friendship, further highlighting the Chola Empire’s widespread influence. This analysis offers a more detailed understanding of the Chola Empire’s golden age and its lasting impact on maritime history.
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