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**The Hindu**

**Arts & Culture**

**Ancient Horn’s Echoes Fading: Tamil Nadu’s Kombu Struggles for Survival**

**Sembar, Sivaganga Dist., August 1, 2025:** The haunting sound of the *kombu*, a traditional wind instrument once integral to Tamil Nadu’s battlefields and temple processions, faces an uncertain future. Despite its rich history documented in ancient texts like the Thirumurai and Silappathikaram, and its symbolic significance, the instrument is struggling to stay relevant in a modern world increasingly reliant on synthesized sounds.

Kalaimamani Awardee S. Velu, along with fellow artists Pakiyam and Andi, are among the few dedicated to keeping the tradition alive. Velu recounts a frustrating experience on the set of director Maniratnam’s *Ponniyin Selvan*, where a synthesizer was slated to replace the live sound of the kombu. His passionate plea ensured the instrument was played, a small victory in a larger battle for recognition.

The *kombu*, traditionally crafted from animal horns and now made of brass or copper in a curved ‘C’ shape, produces a distinctive sound that once signaled the arrival of kings and deities. However, its limited range of notes has relegated it to an embellishment in modern orchestras.

Practitioners like Velu face challenges, including the instrument’s piercing sound, which limits where they can rehearse. Velu’s grandson, 10-year-old Vasantha Mugilan, represents the next generation, but more support is needed to attract young talent.

Artists are accredited to the Tamil Nadu Folk Artistes Welfare Board but are asking the government for more help. Performers are advocating for greater financial aid and increased exposure through school programs and festivals. They hope to inspire a new generation to embrace the *kombu* and prevent its ancient echoes from fading away entirely. Until then, Velu and others wait for festival calls, keeping the art alive and passing on the traditions.

**[Image Credit: L. BALACHANDAR L]**
*S. Velu and relatives practice the kombu outside Sembar, hoping for renewed interest in the ancient instrument.*

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