Fri Mar 21 16:52:16 UTC 2025: ## Supreme Court to Rehear GM Mustard Case Amidst Push for India’s Bio-Economy

**New Delhi, March 22, 2025** – The Supreme Court of India will resume hearings on April 15th regarding petitions challenging the government’s approval for the commercial cultivation of genetically modified (GM) mustard. This follows a split verdict by a two-judge bench in July 2024, which while directing the government to create a national policy on GM crops, left the future of GM mustard uncertain.

The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) secretary, Rajesh Gokhale, stated that “progress” is being made on the issue, although the matter remains sub judice. The DBT, a key funder of GM crop research, has provided technical input to the Environment Ministry in formulating this national policy.

While Bt cotton remains the only currently permitted GM crop in India, the government has expressed strong support for biotechnology’s role in improving food production, aligning with its BioE3 policy focused on bio-manufacturing. GM mustard, developed using public funds, was initially approved by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee but faced challenges due to safety concerns raised by activist groups.

A new report released by the DBT highlights the significant growth of India’s bio-economy, currently valued at $165.7 billion. Bio-agriculture, though the smallest sector at 8.1% ($13.5 billion), plays a crucial role in enhancing agricultural productivity. Maharashtra leads the nation’s bio-economy contributions, followed by Karnataka and Telangana. The report projects substantial growth in the biotech sector, forecasting 22,500 startups by 2030 and the creation of 35 million jobs. The upcoming Supreme Court hearings will be crucial in determining the future of GM crops and India’s bio-agricultural ambitions.

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