Sat Feb 01 08:57:39 IST 2025: ## Rwanda-Backed Rebels Seize Goma, Triggering Humanitarian Crisis in Eastern Congo

**Goma, Congo – February 1, 2025** – Rwanda-backed M23 rebels have captured Goma, the largest city in eastern Congo, sparking a major humanitarian crisis and escalating a years-long conflict. The United Nations reported at least 700 deaths and 2,800 injuries in the Goma area, with the numbers expected to rise. The rebels, advancing rapidly towards Buakavu, are approximately 60 kilometers from the South Kivu provincial capital.

The seizure of Goma, a critical humanitarian hub, has brought aid delivery to a standstill, affecting millions of displaced people. Mercy Corps reports that humanitarian operations are at a “standstill,” leaving communities without support. The UN estimates that around 6 million people have been displaced by the conflict. The Congolese army, weakened by heavy losses and the surrender of foreign mercenaries, struggles to contain the rebels’ advance.

The Southern African Development Community (SADC) pledged to maintain its peacekeeping force in eastern Congo and work towards a ceasefire. Meanwhile, France presented a UN Security Council resolution calling for an end to the offensive, the withdrawal of foreign elements, and a resumption of peace talks.

The UN has voiced serious concerns about human rights violations, including documented summary executions of at least 12 people by M23 and attacks on internally displaced persons camps. Congolese forces have also been accused of sexual violence. The UN is evacuating some staff from Bukavu as a precaution.

The M23, the most powerful of over 100 armed groups in Congo’s mineral-rich east, is estimated to be supported by around 4,000 Rwandan troops. Experts attribute the rebels’ success to Rwanda’s backing, stemming from perceived Congolese disregard for Rwandan interests and unmet demands from previous peace agreements. The current situation is described as a failure of African mediation.

Despite some restoration of calm in Goma, with water and electricity partially restored, the airport remains closed. New Governor of North Kivu, Maj. Gen. Somo Kakule Evariste, vowed to regain government control. In Goma, however, occasional shooting continues. The situation remains volatile.

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