Thu Sep 26 14:00:00 UTC 2024: ## Conflict Fuels Rise in Leishmaniasis Cases: New Study Highlights Global Threat
**San Francisco, CA – September 26, 2024** – A new study published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases reveals a significant link between conflict and the increasing global burden of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CL/ML). This debilitating disease, caused by a parasite spread through infected sandflies, is already a major health concern, particularly in regions experiencing poverty, infrastructure destruction, and displacement.
The study, conducted by researchers at the University of California Irvine, Imperial College London, and University of California Davis Medical Center, analyzed data from 52 countries between 2005 and 2022. Their findings show a strong association between conflict intensity, measured by the Bertelsmann Transformation Index, and CL/ML incidence.
**Higher Conflict Intensity, Higher Leishmaniasis Risk**
“Our research indicates that conflict, especially when it becomes violent, creates environments that are conducive to the spread of leishmaniasis,” explains Dr. Meghan Tarnas, lead author of the study. “The destruction of infrastructure, including healthcare facilities, water and sanitation systems, and housing, leaves people vulnerable to the disease.”
The study also found that conflict indirectly increases the risk of leishmaniasis through forced displacement. When people are forced to flee their homes, they often end up in areas where transmission rates are higher.
**Beyond Conflict: Environmental Factors Play a Role**
The study further examined the impact of environmental factors, such as temperature and vegetation, on CL/ML incidence. The results suggest that specific temperature ranges and moderate vegetation levels can increase the risk of leishmaniasis by creating favorable conditions for sandfly populations.
**Call to Action for Global Health Preparedness**
The study’s findings underscore the importance of enhanced preparedness and response mechanisms for leishmaniasis. As conflicts become more violent and protracted, the risk of CL/ML outbreaks is likely to increase.
“This research emphasizes the need for proactive measures to address the leishmaniasis burden, particularly in conflict zones,” says Dr. D. Michael Parker, senior author of the study. “Investing in vector control, improving access to healthcare, and providing support for displaced populations are essential steps in preventing and mitigating the impact of this neglected disease.”
The study calls for further research at smaller spatial scales to better understand the intricate interplay between conflict, environmental factors, and leishmaniasis transmission. It highlights the need for a multi-faceted approach to combat this complex and growing global health challenge.
First Piper 